The development of the amphora and its role in commercial transportation between countries, past and present.

The research is summarized in the importance of identifying a lot history amphora through excavations shipwrecks that were transporting goods at sea, and knowing great commercial economic historically, as economy many countries such Greece was based on it, use historically extended before birth Christ to Islamic era Middle Ages, most important mean between countries, including liquid products wine oils, solid grains, dried fruits, nuts all kinds salted fish. Likewise, possibility stacking ships large numbers, made factories near places production farms or sea export ports, it formed from clay place which made, with potter’s wheel by pressing into mold gypsum, then hands glued, pottery only, without any coatings, except for amphora, carried liquids, painted inside pine bark Closing pores, Mamluk era, amphoras ceramic jars coated lead alkaline glass paint, both, green bluish green. From study its manufacture development designs over time also identified serve transport identify trade relations people. container BC until nineteenth century AD, but after industrial revolution there an accompanying storage containers, so fibrous bags used Southeast Asia dry goods, metal tanks containers boxes Plywood suitable transportation rail giant ships, carton boxes, various plastics, cans, bags, bottles wooden facilitated sub-packing process, decorating packaging product became advertisement attract user's attention brand product, twentieth declined Ceramics they limited being water long distances save them damage, refrigeration systems known others, fresh food easy means packing spoiling, declined. Other materials have appeared do not break during are rather light weight. Therefore, adequate studies must be done (amphora)for develop characteristics line modern conditions less weight high resistance against breaking terms durability. lightness competition different especially ceramics It healthy, safe, environmental components use, does interact heat sun result poor storage, has pores act natural ventilation inside, other healthy can products, commodities, etc.   Research problem:  The desire get acquainted historical role represented throughout ages, prosperity these peoples, impact design benefit find out reasons decline this shed how Advancement recently. research aims: 1.  A design, ages.  2. sequence Amphora sequence. 3. Benefiting comparison past present highlighting recent promote again. Research hypotheses: 1.             played major peoples past. 2.             reveals answers about methods manufacture, development, uses, daily life, goods. 3.             Second World War due emergence raw lighter unbreakable, lack interest makers developing their industry suit materials. Research Methodology: Descriptive analytical method Results: The beginning knowledge 3300 BC, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Levant Palestine, 200 Greece, conquest flourished Sicily distinctive well North Africa, somewhat similar. The basis process huge recently built containers. The stimulating scale Mediterranean region. The evolved need trade, been evolution form, handling, trademarks. The moved one country another there, clear imitation amphoras. The had own forms nature transported essential Roman eras before, disappeared it. Most amphorae body elongation increase contact area while protect breaking. The existed since ancient times, developed consumer buy it. The very reduced carton, tin, plastic lightweight materials, (retail) directly. Amphora far instead filling olive oil indicates liquids health importance, evidenced continuity